Framework Journal · one stock, one dated entry

Recorded 2026-07-24 · Permanent

Bank of Montreal logoBank of Montreal BMO

Outside both standards

An entry written while the outcome is still unknown. It will be scored by what the market does next, and it will never be edited to look cleverer than it was.

The label
Markup

read at $177.77

Bank of Montreal holds its Markup at $177.77.

PHINPOOPSC
  • PHPhase · the trend structure carries the Markup label
  • INInsiders · no filings inside 60 days, left as found
  • POPositioning · no disclosures inside 60 days, left as found
  • OPOptions · no verdict drawn today, left as found
  • SCScreen · does not pass the values gate
  • edge confirmed
  • edge broken
  • edge forming

Each arm is one independent read. Conviction is not a single call, it is how many edges converge.

The investor read · the season, not the day

As held on the ledger · 2026-07-24
PhaseMarkup
Quantitative stateThe statistical read favours the buyers, held for 3 days
Price$177.77
Valuation19.24 trailing · 15.37 forward price to earnings
Values screenFAIL
Beta1.15

The opportunity · what the numbers say it is worth

Read at
$177.77
19.24 P/E · 15.37 fwd
Our fair value
$169.06
5% premium
Analyst target (avg)
$164.64
-7% to current
Target low $141.55Analyst target rangeTarget high $178.07
▲ current $177.77 · | average target

Price history & projections · where it has been, where the models see it going

$186$128$70TODAY5y agoPROJECTIONAnalyst high$178.07 +8%Our fair value$169.06 +2%Analyst avg$164.64 -0%Conservative$130.11 -21%

The valuation journey · where the price sits against fair value and the Street

Current
$177.77
you are here
Conservative
$130.11
-27%
Analyst avg
$164.64
-7%
Our fair value
$169.06
-5%
Analyst high
$178.07
+0%

Green marks levels above today's price, red below; the shaded band is the gap between the price and our fair value.

Reading the gap · Both our model and the Street see limited upside at this price.

Revenue growth15.80%
Profit margin28.06%
Analyst consensusHold · 3 covering

Fair value and rating are our own model estimates; target range reflects third-party analyst estimates. Analysis, not advice.

The values screen, explained · five checks, plain English

This company is excluded by both standards. There are two widely recognised ways to check whether a company is suitable for a Muslim investor. It fails on both:

The common standard · AAOIFI
Used by most halal investing apps
✗ DOES NOT PASS
Our stricter standard · asset-based
The one Titan applies
✗ DOES NOT PASS

Why it fails. The problem is its business activity. Because both standards agree on this, it is a clear exclusion, not a borderline case.

What these two standards are, and how they differ →

  • Business activity Financial sector: banks Fail
  • Debt load Interest-bearing debt is just 0.0% of its assets, well under the one-third ceiling — it does not run on borrowed money. Pass
  • Interest-bearing cash Cash held in interest-bearing accounts and securities is 0.0% of assets, under the one-third limit. Pass
  • Receivables Money owed to the company is 0.0% of assets, under the 49% limit. Pass
  • Revenue purity Only 0.0% of revenue comes from non-compliant sources — under the 5% line. Pass

Every security is read against two recognised standards: our stricter asset-based screen (ratios measured against total assets) and the more widely used market-value standard (measured against market capitalisation). Where they agree we say so plainly; where they part ways — almost always on the debt check — we show both readings and mark it, because that disagreement is the finding, not a fault. We report the score; you and your scholar make the call.

The business, in plain words · what the numbers mean

Bank That Fails Its Own Ethical Test

Picture a big Canadian bank handling everyday accounts and loans across North America. Bank of Montreal looks steady on paper, yet it trips our ethical screen on business activity and that alone rules it out. The shares also sit above our fair value, so there is no margin of safety at current prices.

Revenue is growing at 16 percent and margins look healthy, yet the 15.7 times forward earnings and 11 percent return on equity do not offset the ethical red flag. Analysts sit on a hold rating with targets below the last trade, which keeps any upside limited even before the screen is applied.

Banks face rate swings and credit cycles that can turn quickly, and any business activity issue adds lasting reputational risk. We pass. Analysis, not advice.

The fundamentals · plain-English read
Forward P/E15.4x
fairly priced for its growth rate
Trailing P/E19.2x
reasonably valued
Revenue growth15.8%
steady growth
Profit margin28.1%
healthy profit margins
Return on equity11.4%
a modest return on shareholder capital
Beta1.15
moves a little more than the market
Market cap$124.5B

The risks · The main risks here are ordinary market swings and the chance our fair-value read proves too optimistic.

Plain-English interpretation of our own screen data. Analysis, not advice.

Latest news · what the market is reading on BMO

Headlines from third-party outlets, linked for reference — not our reporting, not advice.

Related securities · others in BMO's space worth a look

Screened names in the same industry · explore each on its own page.

Where & how to trade · wherever in the world you are

BMO trades on the NYSE. As a US-listed security it is accessible through almost any international broker offering US markets. New to this, or investing from outside the US? Our guide to accessing global markets covers brokers, currencies and the practical steps.

The trader read · the latest dated commentary

The framework reads markup. Price is trending higher with momentum. The crowd has caught on and buyers are in control. Price has moved up 10.7% since our last review. Ethical screening: FAIL. This security does not pass our values-based screening criteria. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns. Our composite framework grades it A, carrying a low risk profile. Technically it is holding around 22% above its long-term trend line with momentum reading overbought. Over the past year the shares are up 56%. Our forward projection puts the odds of a 10% gain over the next month near 20%. The street (3 analysts) rates it hold, with a mean price target of $145. Entered 2026-07-23 · Markup

The dated journal · newest first, never edited

2026-07-23 Markup $181.97 +10.7% Entry 4

The framework reads markup. Price is trending higher with momentum. The crowd has caught on and buyers are in control. Price has moved up 10.7% since our last review. Ethical screening: FAIL. This security does not pass our values-based screening criteria. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns. Our composite framework grades it A, carrying a low risk profile. Technically it is holding around 22% above its long-term trend line with momentum reading overbought. Over the past year the shares are up 56%. Our forward projection puts the odds of a 10% gain over the next month near 20%. The street (3 analysts) rates it hold, with a mean price target of $145.

2026-07-18 Markup $164.37 +0.0% Entry 3

The framework reads markup. Price is trending higher with momentum. The crowd has caught on and buyers are in control. Price has moved down 0.0% since our last review. Ethical screening: FAIL. This security does not pass our values-based screening criteria. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns. Our composite framework grades it A, carrying a low risk profile. Technically it is holding around 22% above its long-term trend line with momentum reading overbought. Over the past year the shares are up 56%. Our forward projection puts the odds of a 10% gain over the next month near 20%. The street (3 analysts) rates it hold, with a mean price target of $145.

2026-07-03 Markup $164.37 +0.0% Entry 2

The framework reads markup. Price is trending higher with momentum. The crowd has caught on and buyers are in control. Price has moved down 0.0% since our last review. Ethical screening: FAIL. This security does not pass our values-based screening criteria. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns.

2026-07-02 Markup $164.37 Entry 1

The framework reads markup. Price is trending higher with momentum. The crowd has caught on and buyers are in control. Ethical screening: FAIL. This security does not pass our values-based screening criteria. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns.

Each entry above was written on its date, before the outcome. A journal you can prune is not a journal.

The insider ledger · Form 4 filings, as filed

Most recent filings · BMO
DateInsiderTitleTypeSharesValue
2026-04-23 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 15,000 ·
2026-04-22 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 15,000 $2,267,835
2026-04-22 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 25,000 ·
2026-04-21 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 25,000 $3,814,375
2026-04-21 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 25,000 ·
2026-04-20 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 25,000 $3,831,525
2026-04-20 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 25,000 ·
2026-04-17 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 25,000 $3,810,625
2026-04-17 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 30,000 ·
2026-04-16 Bank Of Montreal Issuer 30,000 $4,472,730

Public filings, recorded as found. The full tape lives at Insider Intelligence.

What holding actually paid · price plus dividends

If $1,000 had been placed · historical, not a promise
PeriodPrice thenPrice returnDivs per share$1,000 becameTotal return
1 month $153.08 +8.1% · $1,081 +8.1%
2 months $143.15 +15.6% $1.22 $1,164 +16.4%
3 months $137.79 +20.1% $1.22 $1,209 +20.9%
6 months $131.03 +26.3% $1.22 $1,272 +27.2%
1 year $105.86 +56.3% $2.40 $1,585 +58.5%
2 years $79.01 +109.4% $6.89 $2,181 +118.1%
3 years $77.61 +113.2% $11.30 $2,277 +127.7%
5 years $85.87 +92.7% $19.32 $2,152 +115.2%

Historical returns from market close data. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

This entry now belongs to the ledger. Whatever BMO does next, these words stay.

Bank of Montreal · BMO · Markup · $177.77
Recorded 2026-07-24 · before the outcome · scored mechanically

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