Framework Journal · one stock, one dated entry

Recorded 2026-07-27 · Permanent

An entry written while the outcome is still unknown. It will be scored by what the market does next, and it will never be edited to look cleverer than it was.

In plain words · Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation provides locomotives, equipment, systems, and services for the freight rail and passenger transit industries worldwide.

The label
Markup

read at $300.90

Wabtec holds its Markup at $300.90.

PHINPOOPSC
  • PHPhase · the trend structure carries the Markup label
  • INInsiders · no filings inside 60 days, left as found
  • POPositioning · no disclosures inside 60 days, left as found
  • OPOptions · no verdict drawn today, left as found
  • SCScreen · passes the values gate
  • edge confirmed
  • edge broken
  • edge forming

Each arm is one independent read. Conviction is not a single call, it is how many edges converge.

The investor read · the season, not the day

As held on the ledger · 2026-07-27
PhaseMarkup
Quantitative stateThe statistical read favours the sellers, held for 2 days
Price$300.90
Valuation40.44 trailing · 24.32 forward price to earnings
Values screenPASS · score 88.0
Beta0.94

The opportunity · what the numbers say it is worth

Our framework reads OVERVALUED — it trades above our $286.70 fair value estimate, moderate competitive moat, 17.50% revenue growth.

Read at
$300.90
40.44 P/E · 24.32 fwd
Our fair value
$286.70
5% premium
Analyst target (avg)
$326.00
+8% to current
Target low $280.00Analyst target rangeTarget high $355.00
▲ current $300.90 · | average target

Price history & projections · where it has been, where the models see it going

$377$217$57TODAY5y agoPROJECTIONAnalyst high$355.00 +38%Analyst avg$326.00 +27%Our fair value$286.70 +12%Conservative$252.00 -2%

The valuation journey · where the price sits against fair value and the Street

Current
$300.90
you are here
Conservative
$252.00
-16%
Analyst avg
$326.00
+8%
Our fair value
$286.70
-5%
Analyst high
$355.00
+18%

Green marks levels above today's price, red below; the shaded band is the gap between the price and our fair value.

Reading the gap · Our more conservative model reads it as fully-to-richly valued here, while the Street is more bullish — a quality-at-a-fair-price name rather than a deep-value one.

Revenue growth17.50%
Profit margin10.59%
Debt to equity61.69
Analyst consensusStrong Buy · 12 covering

Fair value and rating are our own model estimates; target range reflects third-party analyst estimates. Analysis, not advice.

The values screen, explained · five checks, plain English

This company clears both standards. There are two widely recognised ways to check whether a company is suitable for a Muslim investor. Here is how it did on each:

The common standard · AAOIFI
Used by most halal investing apps
✓ PASSES
Our stricter standard · asset-based
The one Titan applies
✓ PASSES

What these two standards are, and how they differ →

  • Business activity Its core business isn't built on prohibited lines — no gambling, alcohol, tobacco, weapons, or interest-based lending. Pass
  • Debt load Interest-bearing debt is just 25.1% of its assets, well under the one-third ceiling — it does not run on borrowed money. Pass
  • Interest-bearing cash Cash held in interest-bearing accounts and securities is 0.0% of assets, under the one-third limit. Pass
  • Receivables Money owed to the company is 9.9% of assets, under the 49% limit. Pass
  • Revenue purity Only 0.0% of revenue comes from non-compliant sources — under the 5% line. Pass

Every security is read against two recognised standards: our stricter asset-based screen (ratios measured against total assets) and the more widely used market-value standard (measured against market capitalisation). Where they agree we say so plainly; where they part ways — almost always on the debt check — we show both readings and mark it, because that disagreement is the finding, not a fault. We report the score; you and your scholar make the call.

The business, in plain words · what the numbers mean

Rail supplier powers ahead yet trades rich

Think of the freight trains that keep goods moving across continents. Wabtec supplies the locomotives, brakes and control systems that make those journeys reliable. Revenue is growing 13 percent, margins sit at 11 percent and return on equity matches that figure, yet our fair value sits only 5 percent above the current price, leaving little room for error.

The business carries a moderate competitive moat and clears our ethical screen without issue. Still, a forward multiple of 21.5 times earnings on moderate returns feels stretched when the safety margin is so thin. Analyst targets sit higher, but those forecasts often embed optimistic volume assumptions in a capital-heavy sector.

Rail demand can swing with trade volumes and infrastructure spending, and any slowdown would expose the limited buffer at today's valuation. Analysis, not advice.

The fundamentals · plain-English read
Forward P/E24.3x
priced for continued growth
Trailing P/E40.4x
expensive — the price assumes strong growth ahead
Revenue growth17.5%
steady growth
Profit margin10.6%
thin but positive margins
Return on equity11.6%
a modest return on shareholder capital
Debt to equity0.62
moderate, manageable leverage
Current ratio1.12
adequate liquidity, worth monitoring
Beta0.94
steadier than the market
Market cap$50.8B
Employees31,000

The risks · The main risks here are ordinary market swings and the chance our fair-value read proves too optimistic.

Plain-English interpretation of our own screen data. Analysis, not advice.

Latest news · what the market is reading on WAB

Headlines from third-party outlets, linked for reference — not our reporting, not advice.

Related securities · others in WAB's space worth a look

Screened names in the same industry · explore each on its own page.

Where & how to trade · wherever in the world you are

WAB trades on a US exchange. As a US-listed security it is accessible through almost any international broker offering US markets. New to this, or investing from outside the US? Our guide to accessing global markets covers brokers, currencies and the practical steps.

The trader read · the latest dated commentary

The framework reads distribution. Smart money appears to be selling into strength. Institutional holders may be rotating out. Price has moved down 0.0% since our last review. Ethical screening: PASS with strong ethical credentials. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns. Our composite framework grades it C, carrying a low risk profile. Technically it is holding around 16% above its long-term trend line with momentum reading neutral. Over the past year the shares are up 26%. Our forward projection puts the odds of a 10% gain over the next month near 20%. The street (11 analysts) rates it strong buy, with a mean price target of $300. Entered 2026-07-18 · Distribution

The dated journal · newest first, never edited

2026-07-18 Distribution $260.40 +0.0% Entry 3

The framework reads distribution. Smart money appears to be selling into strength. Institutional holders may be rotating out. Price has moved down 0.0% since our last review. Ethical screening: PASS with strong ethical credentials. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns. Our composite framework grades it C, carrying a low risk profile. Technically it is holding around 16% above its long-term trend line with momentum reading neutral. Over the past year the shares are up 26%. Our forward projection puts the odds of a 10% gain over the next month near 20%. The street (11 analysts) rates it strong buy, with a mean price target of $300.

2026-07-03 Distribution $260.40 +0.0% Entry 2

The framework reads distribution. Smart money appears to be selling into strength. Institutional holders may be rotating out. Price has moved down 0.0% since our last review. Ethical screening: PASS with strong ethical credentials. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns.

2026-07-02 Distribution $260.40 Entry 1

The framework reads distribution. Smart money appears to be selling into strength. Institutional holders may be rotating out. Ethical screening: PASS with strong ethical credentials. The risk-adjusted return profile shows excellent risk-adjusted returns.

Each entry above was written on its date, before the outcome. A journal you can prune is not a journal.

The insider ledger · Form 4 filings, as filed

Most recent filings · WAB
DateInsiderTitleTypeSharesValue
2026-05-13 BABCOCK BEVERLEY ANNE Director 765 ·
2026-05-13 KLEE ANN R Director 765 ·
2026-05-13 PEREZ JUAN R Director 765 ·
2026-05-13 FOSTER BYRON S Director 765 ·
2026-05-13 HEHIR BRIAN P Director 765 ·
2026-05-13 HARTY LINDA S Director 765 ·
2026-05-13 BANKS LEE C Director 765 ·
2026-05-05 SANTANA RAFAEL Chief Executive Officer 2,326 $614,844
2026-05-05 DENINNO DAVID L General Counsel 2,500 $663,688
2026-05-05 SBROCCO GREGORY Officer 3,727 ·

Public filings, recorded as found. The full tape lives at Insider Intelligence.

The political ledger · congressional disclosures

Disclosures naming WAB
DatePoliticianPartyTypeAmount
27 May2026 John Boozman Republican buy 1K–15K
2026-04-13 Ro Khanna Democrat Purchase 1K–15K
13 May2026 John Boozman Republican sell 1K–15K
1 May2026 Ro Khanna Democrat buy 1K–15K
1 May2026 Ro Khanna Democrat buy 1K–15K

What holding actually paid · price plus dividends

If $1,000 had been placed · historical, not a promise
PeriodPrice thenPrice returnDivs per share$1,000 becameTotal return
1 month $267.80 -4.2% $0.31 $959 -4.1%
2 months $266.96 -3.9% $0.31 $962 -3.8%
3 months $240.07 +6.9% $0.31 $1,070 +7.0%
6 months $217.24 +18.1% $0.62 $1,184 +18.4%
1 year $203.52 +26.0% $1.12 $1,266 +26.6%
2 years $162.15 +58.2% $2.02 $1,594 +59.4%
3 years $97.54 +163.0% $2.76 $2,658 +165.8%
5 years $79.34 +223.3% $3.94 $3,283 +228.3%

Historical returns from market close data. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

This entry now belongs to the ledger. Whatever WAB does next, these words stay.

Wabtec · WAB · Markup · $300.90
Recorded 2026-07-27 · before the outcome · scored mechanically

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